Variance Calculator

Calculate variance for sample and population data with step-by-step breakdown. See standard deviation, mean, and sum of squared deviations.

What is Variance?

Variance measures how spread out data points are from their mean. A higher variance indicates data is more spread out.

Sample Variance (s²): Used when data is a sample. Divides by (n-1) for unbiased estimation.

Population Variance (σ²): Used when data represents entire population. Divides by n.

Relationship: Standard deviation is the square root of variance.

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